Battery Economics

Battery-Only Payback Calculator

At what price does a home battery actually pay for itself? Get an honest answer with state-specific rates, backup value, incentives, and Virtual Power Plant revenue — for homeowners with or without solar.

Most battery calculators were built before the 25D elimination. Ours reflects 2026 reality — modeling VPP revenue, TOU arbitrage, backup value, and state-specific incentives that generic tools miss.

Your Situation

Which describes you? *

Enter state or ZIP (we'll look up the rest)

$

e.g. 13.5 for a Powerwall

$

Leave blank to estimate at ~$1000/kWh

Optional — refines solar-charging estimate

Pick your situation above, enter your state or ZIP, monthly bill, and battery size — then click "Calculate Payback" to see whether a battery makes financial sense for you.

Assumptions & data sources: Calculations assume ~1 full cycle/day, 90% depth-of-discharge and 90% round-trip efficiency, ~$5/kWh value of lost load for outage protection, and a 3%/year electricity-rate escalator. The federal Residential Clean Energy Credit (25D) expired December 31, 2025, so no federal credit is applied to net cost for owned-residential batteries in 2026. State time-of-use peak/off-peak spreads, battery incentives, outage hours, and Virtual Power Plant programs are curated averages — as of 2026 and subject to change. Always verify current programs with your utility and the DSIRE database.

Written & reviewed by

Jeremy Wolfe — Senior Solar Energy Analyst

Jeremy Wolfe is a solar energy analyst specializing in residential photovoltaic economics, federal and state incentive policy, and return-on-investment modeling for homeowners. He leads EnergyTools' solar research program and methodology.

  • 10+ years analyzing residential solar economics and payback modeling
  • Lead researcher for EnergyTools' 50-state solar cost-per-watt database
  • Author of 100+ solar ROI, payback, and incentive analyses

Methodology & data sources:NREL PVWatts, EPA FuelEconomy.gov, state utility commissions— updated 2026.